Anti-Pyretic Effects of Aqueous Extract of Alchornea cordifolia in Albino Wistar Rats
International Journal of Research and Reports in Hematology,
Page 18-25
Abstract
Anti-pyretic effect of aqueous leaf extract of Alchornea cordifolia on Wistar rats were investigated. Twenty Wistar rats of both genders weighing between 110-178g were used for this study. Baker’s yeast was used for induction of pyrexia. The rats were grouped into five groups of 5 per group in each study. Groups 3, 4 and 5 received 400, 800mg/kg b.w of aqueous extract and reference drug respectively after induction. Groups 1 and 2 served as normal and negative controls. Rats were sacrificed and blood samples collected for hematological and biochemical analyses. Phytochemical screening of the plant revealed the presence of alkaloid, phenolic compounds, Tannins and Quinine. Result showed significant in (p≤ 0.05) in paw size, rectal temperature and number of writhing in group 2 and non-significant reduction (p ≥ 0.05) in group 4 were seen when compared to group 1 and 2 respectively. Significant (p≤0.05) increase in C-reactive protein and nitric oxide concentrations were observed in groups 3 and 4 when contrasted to group 2 in the studies. Non-significant differences in all hematological parameters in all treated groups were observed when compared to group 2. Aqueous leaf extract of Alchornae cordifolia displayed pyretic effects at 800mg/ kg b.w after 4 hours of treatment.
Keywords:
- Anti-pyretic
- aqueous extract
- Alchornea cordifolia
- pyrexia
How to Cite
References
Mackowiak PA. Concepts of fever. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158(17):1870–81.
Bryan C.S. Fever, Famine, and War: William Osler as an infectious disease specialist. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1996;23:1139–1149.
DOI: 10.1093/clinids/23.5.1139.
Walter E.J., Henna-Jumma S., Carraretto M., Forni L. The pathophysiological basis and consequences of fever. Crit. Care. 2016;20:200.
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1375-5.
Bleeker-Rovers CP. Vos FJ. de Kleijn EM, et al. A prospective multicenter study on fever of unknown origin: the yield of a structured diagnostic protocol. Medicine (Baltimore). 2007;86:26–38.
Beresford RW. Gosbell IB. Pyrexia of unknown origin: causes, investigation and management. Intern Med J. 2016;46 :1011–6.
[PubMed] [Google Scholar
Gao J., Tian Z., Yang X. Breakthrough: Chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci. Trends; 2020.
DOI: 10.5582/bst.2020.01047.
EMEA. Guideline on Specifications: Test Procedures and Acceptance Criteria for Herbal Substances, Herbal Preparations, and Herbal Medicinal Products / Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products, EMEA/CVMP/815/00 Rev 1, European Medicines Agency, London, U.K., 2006;1-21.
Salehi-Surmaghi MH, Aynehchi Y, Amin GH, Mahhmoodi Z. survey of Iranian plants for saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. IV. DARU. 1992;2:1-11.
Kapoor LD, Singh A, Kapoor L, Srinivastava SN. Survey of Indian plants for saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Lloydia. 1969;32:297‒304.
Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy. 11th Edition, Bailliere Tindall, London. 1989;45-50.
Nsonde NGF, Kimpouni V, Dianzitoukoulou, Matsima LD, Abena AA. Evaluation of Antipyretic and Analgesic Effects of Alchornea cordifolia Schum. & Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) and Quassia africana Baill (Simaroubaceae). International Journal of Science. 2020;9(1):1-7.
Effo KE, Kouakou-Siransy G, Irie-Nguessan G, Sawadogo RW, Dally LL, Kamenan AB, Kouakou LS, Kablan-Brou J. Acute Toxicity and Antipyretic Activities of a Methanolic Extract of Alchornea cordifolia Leaves. Pharmacology & Pharmacy. 2013;4:1-6.
Aronoff MD, Neilson EG. Antipyretics: Mechanisms of action and clinical use in fever suppression. The American Journal of Medicine. 2001;111(4):304-315.
Gepdiremen A, Mshvildadze V, Suleyman H, Elias R. Acute and Chronic Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hedera colchica in Rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2004;94(1):191-195.
Howard R. Preoperative and Postoperative Pain Control. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 2009;69(6):699- 703.
Agyare C, Ansah A, Ossei P, Apenteng J, Boakye Y. Wound healing and Anti-infective Properties of Myrianthus arboreus and Alchornea cordifolia. Medical chemistry. 2014;4:533-539.
Mothana RA, Al-Said MS, Al-Rehaily AJ, Thabet TM, Awad NA, Lalk M., Lindequist U., Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antipyretic and antioxidant activities and phenolic constituents from Loranthus regularis Steud. ex Sprague. Food Chemistry. 2012;130:344–349.
Singh JP, Rathore VS, Roy MM. Notes about Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss., a promising shrub for arid regions. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 2015;62(3):451-463.
DOI:10.1007/s10722-014-0212-4
Alam MK, Ahmed S, Anjum S, Akram M, Shah SM, Wariss HM, Usmanghani K. Evaluation of antipyretic activity of some medicinal plants from Cholistan desert Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2016;29(2):529–533.
Khan MS, Hamid A, Akram M, Mustafa SB, Sami A, Shah S, Usmanghani K. Antipyretic potential of herbal coded formulation (Pyrexol). Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017;30(1):195–198.
Abotsi WK, Lamptey SB, Afrane S, Boakye-Gyasi E, Umoh RU, Woode E. An evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic effects of hydroethanol leaf extract of Albizia zygia in animal models. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2017;55(1):338–348.
Available:https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2016.1262434
-
Abstract View: 133 times
PDF Download: 33 times