International Journal of Research and Reports in Hematology

This study evaluated the haematological modulatory effects of ethanol leaf fractions of Sida acuta and Ficus exasperata, singly and in combination, in alloxan-induced diabetic female Wistar rats. Sixty-three female rats were divided into nine groups (n = 7): A, normal control; B, untreated diabetic control; C, glibenclamide at 0.29 mg/kg; D and E, S. acuta at 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively; F and G, F. exasperata at 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively; H, combined 200 mg/kg (100 mg/kg of each fraction); and I, combined 400 mg/kg (200 mg/kg of each fraction). Except for Group A, all groups were diabetic. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight), and treatments lasted for 28 days. Blood was collected into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid bottles and analysed using an automated haematology analyser. Compared with Group A, Group B showed reduced haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count and platelet count, with increased total white blood cell count (WBC). Hb and PCV decreased from 12.23 ± 0.78 g/dL and 43.05 ± 2.10% in Group A to 10.65 ± 0.27 g/dL and 37.23 ± 1.20% in Group B. Group I produced Hb and PCV values of 12.23 ± 0.56 g/dL and 44.68 ± 1.43%, respectively, and reduced WBC to 6.44 ± 1.67 × 10⁹/L. Group G had the highest platelet count, at 1061.00 ± 231.83 × 10⁹/L. The fractions produced dose- and treatment-dependent changes in selected haematological indices, with Group I showing the most favourable responses in Hb, PCV and WBC.